Human Recourse Management Amounts to Little More Than a Simple Essay

Human Recourse Management Amounts to Little More Than a Simple Reworking of the Human Relations School of Management - Essay Example This essay stresses that there are several factors which have there impact on the growth of the HRM as a field. The main factors are economy and society. During the period of agrarian economy the social structure and economy was very simple. It developed into a complex system during industrial revolution. The social set up changed. There was more emphasis on the productivity. Manufacturing industry contribution to economy decreased in subsequent years and Service Industry experienced growth. The importance of human increased due to the fact that human is important factor in the production and consumption of services. Human resources have been an important factor of production from the agrarian economy. This paper makes a conclusion that the scientific methods of management by Taylor and his stress on efficiency improvement gave food of thought to others. Mayo and others focused on the soft components of workers’ life. These were the psychological and social components. This was the starting of the study of human resource management. Various theories of motivation, leadership, loyalty, perceptiuon, behaviour and others have developed. The contributions of Human Relations School of Management encouraged the managers and leaders to understand individuals’ various needs and develop their human resource strategies on the basis of that. This have demanded for an individual department in the organisations. It is Human Rsource Management department which independently handles the needs and requirements of the human resource. Hu

The relationship between internal and external customer service Essay - 2

The relationship between internal and external customer service - Essay Example For instance, if the firm is a shoe production line, external customers are individuals that may include retailers and suppliers who enters the firm’s store and buys merchandise. On the converse, internal customers entail individuals or any member of the firm who depends on the assistance from others to accomplish her routine duties. They include individuals such as marketing and sales agents who needs help from a customer service envoy to place an order. Thus the internal customers ensure that the shoes produced are up to external customer’s satisfaction. Whilst, the external (buyers, suppliers, etc.) and internal customers (employees) may execute dissimilar roles; both customers are critical to the feasibility of an organisation. Traditionally, companies may have a natural propensity on only focus on the relationship with their external customers, since they are the ones that buy the firms products and services. However, it has become necessary of late and with increasing recognition of the need to give internal customers the same degree of reliance, for good internal customers’ relationship fosters a healthy working environment. Among the simple initiatives that an organisation can invoke in improving internal customer relations would include changing the culture in an organisation for all employees to think of fellow workers in the same manner as with external customers. The top management should always set an example by appreciating workers’ endeavours and encourage their criticism (PAWAR, n.d.). Such proactive initiatives are crucial to boosting employee’s morale and leading to the flourish of the business. Various relations experts have made commendable opinions of the significance of this relationship. The objective of this essay is decisively to appraise the role played by internal customer service in the delivery of external customer service excellence For few decades now up

Practices of Lifestyle Modification Regarding T2DM

Practices of Lifestyle Modification Regarding T2DM Chapter 5 Discussion, Recommendation Conclusion 5.1 Introduction Most studies on the KAP on diabetes both in developing and developed countries targeted patients with diabetes. (Ben Abdelaziz, Thabet, Soltane, Gaha K, Gaha R, et al., 2007). Unlike these, this study targeted the general population. Therefore adequate comparative data is lacking for the study and the discussion is based on knowledge, attitudes and practices of the population of Saint Lucia. There is no study concerning KAP regarding T2DM available in Saint Lucia, hence, this study is an attempt to gather the data regarding the same. This chapter discusses a collaboration of major finding of the study, the relevant discussion, recommendation and conclusion. The study was a cross-sectional study in an attempt to collect sufficient information on knowledge, attitudes and practices of lifestyle modification regarding T2DM among the population of Saint Lucia. 5.1.1 Demographic Majority of the participants in this study were in the age group 25-34 years (39.5%). This in general accordance with the national census which conducted in the 2015 (Department of Statistic, 2015) In regard to participants with no formal education was very low 1.3%, and participants with primary , secondary and tertiary level together constituted an overwhelming (98.7%) of the participants in this study. This indicates that most participants are well educated, a finding which is similar to the results of another study conducted by Karir Consultant Limited. A majority of the participants were poverty-stricken (34.1%) earning between $0.00 $1,499.99 eastern Caribbean dollars per household. Poverty could limit accessibility to and affordability of a well-balanced diet and healthy food. And this could explain why a large percentage of the participants had low level of practice towards T2DM regarding regular doctor visits. The finding is in keeping with a survey conducted by KAIRI Consultant Limited where 43.8% of the population was shown to have very low income (KAIRI, 2007). 5.1.2 Knowledge In this study it is found that knowledge is statistically high amongst the respondents. 76.1% of the respondents had good knowledge of T2DM. The results also indicated that the respondents were very knowledgeable on the general awareness of T2DM such as the symptoms, complications and prevention of the specific disease. The result was consistent with a study done by Ambigapathy and colleagues found in their study that majority of respondents (67.0%) were knowledgeable about lifestyle modifications. The respondents scored 50% and above of the total score for all the categories of questions asked (Ambigapathy R. et al, 2006). In contrast R. Malathy and colleague in their study concluded low education amongst majority of their respondents. 83.3% had poor knowledge of the benefits of exercise, weight loss and healthy diet (R. Malathy et al, 2011). 5.1.3 Attitude Majority of the respondents agreed that it is important to engage in regular exercise, to follow a controlled diet and to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Results indicated that 90.5% of the respondents had positively agreed that regular exercise is necessary to help manage T2DM. While 80.9% agreed that diet modification is essential to control the disease by getting correct advice and clarification. These findings imply that the respondents had good attitude towards diabetes prevention and control practices. This finding is similar to that of Mukhopadhyay P et al in which majority of the respondents 82.3% had positive attitude towards lifestyle modifications (Mukhopadhyay P et al, 2010). Similar results were revealed in a study conducted by Upadhyay DK et al 60.3% of the respondents had positive attitude towards lifestyle modifications (Upadhyay DK et al, 2008). 5.1.4 Practice Results indicated that the respondents had poor practices towards regularly exercise and diabetes preventative measure such foot and eye examinations. This was evidenced by results which indicated that the respondents did not exercise regularly while majority of the respondents never visited heath care provider for diet advice, never checked their blood pressure and never checked their blood sugar level. This finding is similar to those of W.M Kiberenge and colleagues in which majority of respondents (75.6%) had bad practices in relation to lifestyle modifications (W.M Kiberenge et al, 2010). 5.1.5 Variables Combined The association between KAP in this study was selectively determined; that is only specific questions were used. These questions comprise of two aspects diet modification and practice question such as regular exercise, maintaining healthy lifestyle and regular doctor visits respectively. There was a significant positive correlation (r= 0.233, p=0.000) and (r=.201, p=0.000) between the knowledge level and the attitude level of respondents in this study. This means that the better respondents were knowledgeable, the better they were willing to observe healthy lifestyle habits. There was a very weak, non-significant positive correlation (r=-0.064, p=0.259) between the knowledge level and practice level of respondents. This means that being knowledgeable did not necessarily translate to healthy lifestyle practices. The results found in this study were similar to those in the study by Ambigapathy R. and colleagues in which a significant positive correlation (r=0.536, p 5.2 Recommendation The government must take a lead in creating awareness about diabetes disease country wide and in the counties that are adversely affected. In addition to developing the Saint Lucia national diabetes center, a community awareness program targeting rural and semi-urban communities should be developed using a multi-sectoral approach in order to address the knowledge gaps and influence behavior towards diabetes prevention. Given the low and uncertain incomes characteristic among the people, free screening for chronic diseases should be availed to the residents by the county government to increase their knowledge level on diabetes status. This can be done in a similar manner to the ante natal care program targeting all government facilities right from level 2 health facilities. In order to ensure that once a community member seeking for health care services is managed well right from the start, there is a need for an increase in the awareness of diabetes management and its complications in the primary healthcare sector especially at level two facilities such as dispensaries and health care centers due to their proximity to members of the public. Thus, continuous education on diabetes mellitus and its complications for primary healthcare providers should be accompanied by regular assessments on the knowledge level. Screening for diabetes is important, but equally crucial is patient education and counseling. The following measures are recommended to address the knowledge and practice deficits uncovered in this study: 1. There is need for the implementation of community or national based lifestyle intervention program to improve the knowledge of patients regarding healthy lifestyle and emphasize the importance of exercise and weight loss in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This should be extended to the primary health care clinics where the majority of patients are seen. 2. Medical nutrition intervention program should be implemented with a multidisciplinary team (Doctor, dietician, social worker, psychologistà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦) 3. Empower Mamelodi healthcare workers with motivational interviewing knowledge and skills to promote behavior change and adoption of healthy lifestyle practices by patients 5.3 Conclusion The knowledge and attitude levels of lifestyle modifications among the population of Saint Lucia was generally high. Nevertheless, majority of these people have poor practices toward healthy lifestyle habits. Majority of the respondents had poor practices such as regularly exercise, checking their blood glucose level, and visiting the doctor for regular check-ups. This implies that there is need to develop community based health promotion programs to bring about paradigm shifts that will promote healthily choices and behavior as well as understand the impact of culture and beliefs to these practices. The low incomes suggest the respondents inability or difficulties in meeting health care costs when they arise, this may explain the poor practice of visiting health facility for regular check-ups. References Ben Abdelaziz A, Thabet H, Soltane I, Gaha K, Gaha R, et al. (2007) Knowledge of patients with type 2 diabetes about their condition in Sousse, Tunisia. East Mediterr Health J May-Jun; 13 (3) 505-14.) Department of Statistics. Unpublished data. Saint Lucia; 2013

Female Spirituality and Sexuality Explored Through Zora Neale Hurston’s

Zora Neale Hurston, while living in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, was researching voodoo on the most scholarly level. She was studying with Haiti’s most well known hougans and mambos, or priests and priestesses. At this time she was gathering knowledge about voodoo so she could write the text, Tell My Horse. Also, at this same time Hurston had finished writing, Their Eyes Were Watching God in only seven short weeks. A close reading of this novel provides the reader with a relationship between voodoo and the text. Hurston not only explores female spirituality and sexuality in, Their Eyes Were Watching God, but weaves the two together revealing that voodoo culture plays an important role within the novel especially in the comparisons between the voodoo goddess Erzulie and the texts main character Janie Crawford. Hurston exploits the society in which Janie Crawford lives in. Hers is a society in which she is not allowed to live freely and express herself freely. She is suppressed in her society because she is a woman and because she is African-American. Hurston understands this oppression and she uncovers the truth on the status of black females at this time. There were no powerful roles available to them in their American culture or in their African-American culture. Women were looked down on and they were not seen as potentially strong spiritual and sexual people. Hurston opens the door for her protagonist, Janie Crawford, to create a more substantial and empowering life for herself after the many hardships she faces. She leads her down a path to self-determination and this path is embodied by the spirituality of voodoo. â€Å"The old, old mysticism of the world in African terms...a religion of creation and life† (Tell My Horse 376).This i... ...oodoo, which stands in the novel to tie in the value of self-discovery is integral to the story’s comparisons between Janie and Erzulie. Voodoo is believed to have played a shapely role in the Haitian revolution in which Haiti won its independence from France. The integration of voodoo imagery and symbolism throughout, Their Eyes Were Watching God, reflects Hurston’s belief that self-discovery for African-American women lies not in their male dominated society, but rather in their understanding of their own sexual and spiritual strength. Hurston achieves this idea greatly by linking the female goddess Erzulie with Janie Crawford. Works Cited Tell My Horse. 1938. rptd. in Hurston: Folklore, Memoirs and Other Writings. ed. Cheryl A Wall. New York: Library of America, 1995. 269-555. Their Eyes Were Watching God. 1937. New York: Harper & Row, 1990.

Birdsong Essay

How is the relationship between Stephen and Isabelle started and developed in Part one of Birdsong? Part one of Birdsong begins in France 1910 which involves young Englishman Stephen Wraysford coming to Amiens to learn more about the textile industry and to stay with the Azaire family. This sets the context and is relevant as it is a period of industrial and civil unrest. The novel is written in the third person and Stephen’s presence allows for an outsider’s view of the family with him not stating his opinion and being neutral between sides. From the start there’s a mutual attraction between Stephen and Isabelle. Stephen finds this in some assets of Isabelle’s character firstly when Isabelle comments on a beautiful piece of music she has heard, Berard then attempts to belittle her but she puts him aside with a look. â€Å"Stephen watched as Madame Azaire turned her head slowly so that her eyes met those of Berard. He saw them open wider as they focused on his smiling face of which perspiration stood out in the still air of the dining room† Stephen admires this and cannot believe she is the mother of Lisette and Gregoire. Stephen finds a certain trust in Isabelle as she seems to be discrete unlike the characteristics of Azaire. He thinks that secrets will be kept safe with her. Stephen hears the sob and pleading of a woman and is sure that it is Isabelle however he returns to his room with no cause of action despite his â€Å"sense of confused anger†. Stephen thinks he could be the one to save her from violence. This shows his emotions developing for Isabelle as â€Å"He saw, with some surprise, that what had struck him most he had not written about at all†. Azaire demonstrates a patriarchal influence as he treats his work and Isabelle with the same heavy-handedness and this shows his desire to rule in both his public and private life. Azaire seems to be too traditional, old and contemporary for Isabelle. With the violence, an unhappy marriage and a lot of time spent with Stephen an affair is inevitably going to happen between him and Isabelle. Stephen’s thoughts drift at work one day and his thoughts consist of Isabelle, only. The narrative then shifts to how he describes her and his feelings of her in his notebook, they are summed up in a single word ‘Pulse’. Stephen’s growing attraction towards Isabelle become increasingly apparent with his awareness of the way she moves and noticeably how she eats and drinks. â€Å"Her white hands seemed barely to touch the cutlery when they ate at the family dinner table and her lips left no trace of their presence on the wine glass†. Isabelle’s suppressed emotions are connected with her position as a bourgeois woman. Stephen’s attempt to get closer to her when finding her in the garden highlights why she acts with restraint. The language reiterates this earlier in the text before Stephen has a relationship with Isabelle she is referred to as Madame Azaire. Isabelle greets Stephen as ‘Monsieur’ on his returns from work. She asks him to ‘respect her position’ when Stephen takes her hand in his in the garden. She is seen to react in accordance with her social standing. Without regard Isabelle offers little in the way of resistance when he takes her hand. However these thoughts come from Stephen’s perspective and there are little insight given into Isabelle’s emotions. The theme of desire is broached and made relevant as Stephen sits opposite Isabelle on the boat on the return home from a trip to the water gardens. As they touch each other and do not move away, his desire for her is heightened. â€Å"Isabelle’s foot touches his leg; neither moves†. Stephen hits a man who defamed Isabelle; Azaire suggests that it is best if he stays at the house for a while until all is settled. This section is mainly significant for when Stephen and Isabelle make love, the earlier parts of the novel have been building up to this as the sexual tension is released between both characters. The act is instigated initially by Steven when he pulls her towards him once Lisette leaves however it is continued by Isabelle when she asks him to come to the red room. This scene however is slightly different as it has connotations of a fairy tale. â€Å"By the time Stephen turned round she had gone. The red room. He panicked. He was sure it would be one of those he had once seen but could never refind; it would be like a place in a dream that remains out of reach; it would always be behind him† this may be due to the recognition of both their optimum feelings towards each other. The scene in the red room is also relevant for what it reveals about Isabelle’s thought processes â€Å"She wanted him to bring alive what she had buried, and not to demean, destroy her fabricated self† this describes how she sees Stephen as her saviour. They continue to make love secret; he asks her to come to England. Azaire hears a rumour of Isabelle having an affair with Lucien and helping the strikers families, Isabelle admits to helping the families as she is no long afraid of her husband as she is no under the protection of Stephen. She says she has been having an affair with Stephen, not Lucien. Stephen takes the blame saying he ‘seduced’ her feeling pity for Azaire. They leave for the South of France. In the last section Isabelle discovers that she is pregnant; she decides not to tell Stephen. There is a significant use of dramatic irony in this as Isabelle believes Stephen to be distant even about his own life, whereas he has been considering taking her to his grandparents’ old home because he wishes to share his past with her now. This is because ‘his life’s concern’ is her ‘well-being’. Ironically, it is the fear for the well-being of her child that impels her to go to Jeanne rather than stay with him. When he discovers she has left, the effect is compared to that of a block of wood being split, This simile cleverly describes his emotional state because, although he shows no outward sign to his co-workers, he is ripped apart inside â€Å"No shred or fibre escaped he sundering†. His emotions are left in pieces by their relationship.

Vikram Seth

Vikram Seth Vikram Seth is a famous Indian poet, novelist, travel writer, librettist, children’s writer, biographer and memoirist. He was born on June 20, 1952 in Calcutta, now known as Kolkata. His father, Prem Seth, was an employee of the Bata India Limited shoe company. His mother was the first woman judge of the Delhi High Court, as well as the first woman to become Chief Justice of a state High Court, known as Shimla High Court. His childhood was spent in the town of Batanagar near Calcutta, Patna, and London. He has a younger brother, Shantum, and a younger sister, Aradhana. Seth admits that some of the fictional characters in his novels are â€Å"drawn from real life,† in comparison to his parents and siblings. Although discreet at times, he is not secretive about his personal life. He admits that the â€Å"I† in many of his poems is in reference to himself. His poems are addressed to both male and female objects. â€Å"Some men like Jack and some like Jill†¦What is my status? Stray? Or Great? are quotes taken from the poem Dubious, which shows him being open about his sexuality. He attended The Doon School in Dehadrun, where he admits to his â€Å"terrible feeling of loneliness and isolation,† during his studies. He also attended Oxford University, where he took his undergraduate degree in philosophy, politics, and economics. He was enrolled at Stanford University, as well as Nanjing University for his intended doctoral dissertation on Chinese population plann ing. â€Å"The Golden Gate† (1986), was his first novel. He has written a travelogue â€Å"From Heaven Lake: Travels Through Sinkiang and Tibet† (1983). His works in poetry include All You Who Sleep Tonight (1990). He has also written a story book for children Beastly Tales from Here and There (1992). His acclaimed epic of Indian life, A Suitable Boy (1993), won the WH Smith Literary Award and the Commonwealth Writers Prize (Overall Winner, Best Book). A Suitable Boy is the story of several Indian families-the Kapoors, Mehras, Chatterjis and Khans, whose paths intersect continually over a period of about a year. It never strays far from the subject of love and marriage–indeed, the book both begins and ends with weddings. Set in India in the early 1950s , which has only recently gained its independence from the British. A young girl by the name of Lata Mehra is the second daughter in her family. Her widowed mother, Rupa Mehra, is determined to find a â€Å"suitable boy† for her daughter. The book opens at Savita, Lata’s elder sister, and Pran Kapoor's wedding, where Lata decides that she does not want an arranged marriage like her sister. As the year passes three suitors come into Lata's life. Of the three, a handsome Muslim classmate and the self-made business man her mother wants for her. Lata is a rebellious kind of girl who is already in love with a Muslim boy. The novel shows a conflict between Hindus and Muslims in the fictional city of Brahmpur, where the story is primarily set. One of the main aims of the novel is to infuse the spirit of religious tolerance among the Hindus and Muslims. Family drama and Indian history unfold around her: Savita and Pran begin domestic life together and start their family. Life changes for Maan, Pran's brother, when he falls for a girl from an unsuitable family. The story also surrounds a fight that Lata’s brother has in Calcutta. The story delves into the normal and day to day routine life activities of India in 1951-52. Seth creates a compelling tale revolving around these four families and their love, hatred, sadness, daily chores, and lives in the times of a crisis. It shows a society that is a mix of different cultures, communities, and castes undergoing a change. Vikram Seth Vikram Seth Vikram Seth is a famous Indian poet, novelist, travel writer, librettist, children’s writer, biographer and memoirist. He was born on June 20, 1952 in Calcutta, now known as Kolkata. His father, Prem Seth, was an employee of the Bata India Limited shoe company. His mother was the first woman judge of the Delhi High Court, as well as the first woman to become Chief Justice of a state High Court, known as Shimla High Court. His childhood was spent in the town of Batanagar near Calcutta, Patna, and London. He has a younger brother, Shantum, and a younger sister, Aradhana. Seth admits that some of the fictional characters in his novels are â€Å"drawn from real life,† in comparison to his parents and siblings. Although discreet at times, he is not secretive about his personal life. He admits that the â€Å"I† in many of his poems is in reference to himself. His poems are addressed to both male and female objects. â€Å"Some men like Jack and some like Jill†¦What is my status? Stray? Or Great? are quotes taken from the poem Dubious, which shows him being open about his sexuality. He attended The Doon School in Dehadrun, where he admits to his â€Å"terrible feeling of loneliness and isolation,† during his studies. He also attended Oxford University, where he took his undergraduate degree in philosophy, politics, and economics. He was enrolled at Stanford University, as well as Nanjing University for his intended doctoral dissertation on Chinese population plann ing. â€Å"The Golden Gate† (1986), was his first novel. He has written a travelogue â€Å"From Heaven Lake: Travels Through Sinkiang and Tibet† (1983). His works in poetry include All You Who Sleep Tonight (1990). He has also written a story book for children Beastly Tales from Here and There (1992). His acclaimed epic of Indian life, A Suitable Boy (1993), won the WH Smith Literary Award and the Commonwealth Writers Prize (Overall Winner, Best Book). A Suitable Boy is the story of several Indian families-the Kapoors, Mehras, Chatterjis and Khans, whose paths intersect continually over a period of about a year. It never strays far from the subject of love and marriage–indeed, the book both begins and ends with weddings. Set in India in the early 1950s , which has only recently gained its independence from the British. A young girl by the name of Lata Mehra is the second daughter in her family. Her widowed mother, Rupa Mehra, is determined to find a â€Å"suitable boy† for her daughter. The book opens at Savita, Lata’s elder sister, and Pran Kapoor's wedding, where Lata decides that she does not want an arranged marriage like her sister. As the year passes three suitors come into Lata's life. Of the three, a handsome Muslim classmate and the self-made business man her mother wants for her. Lata is a rebellious kind of girl who is already in love with a Muslim boy. The novel shows a conflict between Hindus and Muslims in the fictional city of Brahmpur, where the story is primarily set. One of the main aims of the novel is to infuse the spirit of religious tolerance among the Hindus and Muslims. Family drama and Indian history unfold around her: Savita and Pran begin domestic life together and start their family. Life changes for Maan, Pran's brother, when he falls for a girl from an unsuitable family. The story also surrounds a fight that Lata’s brother has in Calcutta. The story delves into the normal and day to day routine life activities of India in 1951-52. Seth creates a compelling tale revolving around these four families and their love, hatred, sadness, daily chores, and lives in the times of a crisis. It shows a society that is a mix of different cultures, communities, and castes undergoing a change.